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DSE Energy Glossary

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Rad A unit of measure of absorbed radiation. Acronym for radiation absorbed dose. One rad equals 100 ergs of radiation energy per gram of absorbing material.
Radiant Barrier A device designed to reduce or stop the flow of radiant energy.
Radiant Energy energy (heat) that is transferred by rays or waves, especially electromagnetic waves, through space or another medium. Radiation.
Radiation The flow of energy across open space via electromagnetic waves such as light. Passage of heat from one object to another without warming the air space in between.
Radiation 1 The sun’s energy that comes to earth in the form of direct, diffuse, and reflected rays. 2 The transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves, without heating the air between objects.
Radio The sending or receiving of messages or effects, like sound, by means of electromagnetic waves through the air without a connecting wire.
Radioactive Waste Materials left over from making nuclear energy. Radioactive waste can damage or destroy living organisms if it is not stored safely.
Radiotelephone A two-way radio system that enables use of a regular telephone but with radio instead of wires.
Rankine Cycle The steam-Rankine cycle employing steam turbines has been the mainstay of utility thermal electric power generation for many years. The cycle, as developed over the years uses superheat, reheat and regeneration. Modern steam Rankine systems operate at a cycle top temperature of about 1,073 degrees Celsius with efficiencies of about 40 percent.
Raps (Remote Area Power Supply) A power generation system used to provide electricity to remote and rural homes, usually incorporating power generated from renewable sources such as solar panels and wind generators, as well as non-renewable sources such as petrol-powered generators.
Rate Of Charge The amount of energy per unit time that is being added to the battery. Rate of charge is commonly expressed as a ratio of the battery or cell’s rated capacity to charge duration in hours. Example: A C/20 rate on a 100 AH battery would be 5 amps, the capacity of the battery divided by 20.
Rate-Basing refers to practice by utilities of allotting funds invested in utility Research Development Demonstration and Commercialization and other programs from ratepayers, as opposed to allocating these costs to shareholders.
Rated Battery Capacity The term used by battery manufacturers to indicate the maximum amount of energy that can be withdrawn from a battery under specified discharge rate and temperature. See battery capacity.
Rated Battery Capacity (Ah) Term used by battery manufacturers to indicate the maximum amount of energy that can be withdrawn from a battery at a specified discharge rate and temperature.
Rated Capacity The manufacturer’s specification for the amount of charge that may be stored in a battery, commonly expressed in amp-hours at a specific rate of discharge.
Rated Module Current (A) The current output of a photovoltaic module measured at standard test conditions of 1,000 w/m2 and 25°C cell temperature.
Rated Power Nominal power output of an inverter, some units cannot produce rated power continuously.
Rated Watt The manufacturer’s specification for power output of a generating device. In most cases, this is not the most accurate measure to look at, since it predicts output only for ideal circumstances.
RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) The fuel component of municipal solid waste (MSW), which is the by-product of shredding MSW to a uniform size, screening out oversized materials and isolating ferrous material in magnetic separation. The resulting RDF can be burned as a fuel source.
Reactive Power The sine of the phase angle between the current and voltage waveforms in an AC system.
Reactor A device in which a controlled nuclear chain reaction can be maintained, producing heat energy.
Real-Time Market The competitive generation market controlled and coordinated by the ISO for arranging real-time imbalance energy.
Real-Time Pricing The instantaneous pricing of electricity based on the cost of the electricity available for use at the time the electricity is demanded by the customer.
Rechargeable Battery A battery that has a reversible chemical reaction to produce electricity, allowing it to be reused many times.
Reclaimed Oil Lubricating oil that is processed to be used over again.
Recombination The action of a free electron falling back into a hole. Recombination processes are either radiative, where the energy of recombination results in the emission of a photon, or nonradiative, where the energy of recombination is given to a second electron which then relaxes back to its original energy by emitting phonons. Recombination can take place in the bulk of the semiconductor, at the surfaces, in the junction region, at defects, or between interfaces.
Recool The sensible cooling of air that has been previously heated by HVAC systems serving the same building.
Recovered Energy Reused heat or energy that otherwise would be lost. For example, a combined cycle power plant recaptures some of its own waste heat and reuses it to make extra electric power.
Recovery Efficiency (Thermal efficiency) Ia water heater, a measure of the percentage of heat from the combustion of gas which is transferred to the water as measured under specified test conditions.
Rectifier A device that converts AC current to DC current.
Recycling The process of converting into new products materials that are no longer useful as they were originally designed.
Refiner means any person who owns, operates, or controls the operations of one or more refineries.
Refinery A facility that separates crude oil into varied oil products. The refinery uses progressive temperature changes to separate by vaporizing the chemical components of crude oil that have different boiling points. These are distilled into usable products such as gasoline, fuel oil, lubricants and kerosene.
Reformulated Gasoline (RFG) A cleaner-burning gasoline that has had its compositions and/or characteristics altered to reduce vehicular emissions of pollutants.
Refrigerant A fluid such as freon that is used in cooling devices to absorb heat from surrounding air or liquids as it evaporates.
Regulation The service provided by generating units equipped and operating with automatic generation controls that enables the units to respond to the ISO’s direct digital control signals to match real-time demand and resources, consistent with establsihed operating criteria.
Regulator A device that prevents overcharging of batteries by controlling the charge cycle, and usually adjustable to conform to specific battery needs. Regulators do not step the voltage down, but control the rate of charge so the battery stays at a specified voltage. Also called CHARGE CONTROLLER.
Regulatory Must-Run Generation Utilities will be allowed to generate electricity when hydro resources are spilled for fish releases, irrigation, and agricultural purposes, and to generate power that is required by federal or state laws, regulations, or jurisdictional authorities. Such requirements include hydrological flow requirements, irrigation and water supply, solid-waste generation, or other generation contracts in effect on December 20, 1995.
Reheat The heating of air that has been previously cooled either by mechanical refrigeration or economizer cooling systems.
Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) a standard measurement of a liquid’s vapor pressure in pounds per square inch at 100 degrees Fahrenheit. It is an indication of the propensity of the liquid to evaporate.
Reliability Electric system reliability has two components– adequacy and security. Adequacy is the ability of the electric system to supply the aggregate electrical demand and energy requirements of the customers at all times, taking into account scheduled and unscheduled outages of system facilities. Security is the ability of the electric system to withstand sudden disturbances such as electric short circuits or unanticipated loss of system facilities.
Reliability Must Run Unit In return for payment, the ISO may call upon the owner of a generating unit to run the unit when required for grid reliability.
Remote Site A site with no electrical utility grid connection.
Remote Systems See stand-alone systems.
Renewable Energy Energy derived from resources that are regenerative or that cannot be depleted. Types of renewable energy resources include wind, solar, biomass, geothermal, and moving water.
Renewable Resource a resource that can be used continuously without being used up (because it regenerates itself within a useful amount of
Renewable Resources Renewable energy resources are naturally replenishable, but flow-limited. They are virtually inexhaustible in duration but limited in the amount of energy that is available per unit of time. Some (such as geothermal and biomass) may be stock-limited in that stocks are depleted by use, but on a time scale of decades, or perhaps centuries, they can probably be replenished. Renewable energy resources include: biomass, hydro, geothermal, solar and wind. In the future they could also include the use of ocean thermal, wave, and tidal action technologies. Utility renewable resource applications include bulk electricity generation, on-site electricity generation, distributed electricity generation, non-grid-connected generation, and demand-reduction (energy efficiency) technologies.
Reregulation The design and implementation of regulatory practices to be applied to the remaining regulated entities after restructuring of the vertically-integrated electric utility. The remaining regulated entities would be those that continue to exhibit characteristics of a natural monopoly, where imperfections in the market prevent the realization of more competitive results, and where, in light of other policy considerations, competitive results are unsatisfactory in one or more respects. Reregulation could employ the same or different regulatory practices as those used before restructuring.
Reserve The extra generating capability that an electric utility needs, above and beyond the highest demand level it is required to supply to meet its users¼ needs.
Reserve Capacity The amount of generating capacity a central power system must maintain to meet peak loads.
Reserve Generating Capacity The amount of power that can be produced at a given point in time by generating units that are kept available in case of special need. This capacity may be used when unusually high power demand occurs, or when other generating units are off-line for maintenance, repair or refueling.
Reserve Margin The differences between the dependable capacity of a utility’s system and the anticipated peak load for a specified period.
Residential Building means any hotel, motel, apartment house, lodging house, single and dwelling, or other residential building which is heated or mechanically cooled.
Residue any organic matter left as residue, such as agricultural and forestry residue, including, but not limited to, conifer thinnings, dead and dying trees, commercial hardwood, noncommercial hardwoods and softwoods, chaparral, burn, mill, agricultural field, and industrial residues, and manure.
Resistance Refers to how well a material conducts a flow of electrons, measured in ohms (Ω). Resistance is the property of materials to impede a flow of electrons through the material. All materials have some resistance. Those of low resistance are known as conductors, while those of high resistance are known as insulators. The unit used to measure resistance is the Ohm (Ω).
Resistance (Electrical) The ability of all conductors of electricity to resist the flow of current, turning some of it into heat. Resistance depends on the cross section of the conductor (the smaller the cross section, the greater the resistance) and its temperature (the hotter the cross section, the greater its resistance).
Resistance (R) The property of a conductor, which opposes the flow of an electric current resulting in the generation of heat in the conducting material. The measure of the resistance of a given conductor is the electromotive force needed for a unit current flow. The unit of resistance is ohms.
Resistance (Thermal) The Reciprocal Of Thermal Conductance. See R-Value.
Resistive Voltage Drop The voltage developed across a cell by the current flow through the resistance of the cell which may result from the bulk resistance of the materials in the cell and at interfaces between them.
Resistor A device with a known amount of resistance used in electrical circuits.
Resource Efficiency The use of smaller amounts of physical resources to produce the same product or service. Resource efficiency involves a concern for the use of all physical resource sand materials used in the production and use cycle, not just the energy input.
Rest Voltage The voltage of a fully charged cell or battery that is neither being charged or discharged.
Restructuring The process of changing the structure of the electric power industry from one of a guaranteed monopoly over service territories to one of open competition between power suppliers.
Retail Competition A system under which more than one electric provider can sell to retail customers, and retail customers are allowed to buy from more than one provider. (See also direct access)
Retail Market A market in which electricity and other energy services are sold directly to the end-use customer.
Retail Wheeling See Direct Access.
Retorting The heating of oil shale to get the oil out from it.
Reverse Bias Condition where the current producing capability of a PV cell is significantly less than that of other cells in its series string. This can occur when a cell is shaded, cracked, or otherwise degraded or when it is electrically poorly matched with other cells in its string.
Reverse Current Protection Any means of preventing current flow from the battery to the solar PV array (e.g. At night) that would discharge the battery.
RF (Radio Frequency) Any radiation of a frequency that may be received or radiated by radios. Common usage RF interference (RFI); refers to the interference of radio frequency radiation with the operation of devices or appliances such as radios, televisions, computers, etc.
Ribbon (Photovoltaic) Cells A type of photovoltaic device made in a continuous process of pulling material from a molten bath of photovoltaic material, such as silicon, to form a thin sheet of material.
Rift Zone long narrow fractures in the crust found along ocean floor or on land, from which lava flows out; often associated with spreading centers from which tectonic plates are diverging, such as the mid-Atlantic Ridge.
Ring Of Fire a belt of intense volcanic, geothermal and earthquake activity found all around the Pacific Rim caused by plate tectonic activity.
RMS Root mean square; defines a time averaged value of a varying sinusoidal parameter, such as AC voltage, amperage, or wattage. The square root of the average of the squares of a set of numbers.
Roaring Forties The name used especially by sailors to describe the latitudes between 40 degrees South and 50 degrees South, where the prevailing westerly winds are strong and steady.
Roentgen A unit of exposure to radiation like X-rays.
Roof Mount A PV or solar collector rack intended to be installed on a roof. For pvs, its elevation angle can be fixed or seasonally adjustable.
Root Mean Square (RMS) The square root of the average square of the instantaneous values of an ac output. For a sine wave the RMS value is 0.707 times the peak value. The equivalent value of alternating current, I, that will produce the same heating in a conductor with resistance, R, as a dc current of value I.
Rotational Start The point at which the wind is strong enough to begin turning the rotor.
Rotor A blade system which supplies all the driving force for a wind generator.
RPM Revolutions per minute, the number of times a shaft passes the same location per minute.
Rules Of Conduct Rules set in advance to delineate acceptable activities by participants, particularly participants with significant market power.
Runner The part of a hydro turbine that accepts the water and turns its energy into rotating motion.
Rural Electric Cooperative A nonprofit, customer-owned electric utility that distributes power in a rural area.
R-Value The measure of a material’s resistance to heat flow. The higher the R-value, the greater its insulating capabilities.

Useful Reference Materials

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Calculator links
Energy To Carbon Dioxide Converter From National Energy Foundation:  new link — The Home Energy Saver is designed to help you identify the best ways to save energy in your home, and find the resources to make the savings happen. The Home Energy Saver asks for a detailed description of your home, and then quickly computes energy use on-line. Results are provided in dollars, kilowatt-hours and CO2 emissions for your house and the most energy efficient house. By changing one or more features, you can estimate how much energy and money you can save and how much pollution you can prevent by improving your home’s energy efficiency. In addition, the Home Energy Saver’s "Making it Happen" and Energy Librarian" modules connect users to an expanding array of "how-to" information resources throughout the Internet.
How Much Does Your Vehicle Pollute? :  new link — Determines your auto’s carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxide emissions. Will calculate values specific to your mileage, or typical for the year and make of your auto. Includes additional information explaining the significance of the result and what can be done to lower emissions.
Lmno Engineering :  new link — Have calculators for fluid flow and formula information, good for hydro calculations or water pumping applications (things like friction loss through pipes, etc.).

more Calculators links        

Case Study links
Biochemicals For The Printing Industry:  new link — Bolger Publications switched from using petroleum-based press wash to a vegetable-based product, resulting in a safer work environment and financial savings. To learn more about Bolger’s case study and the use of biochemicals in the printing industry.

more Case Studies links       

Map links
Renewable Energy Maps
Product & Service links
#s-Ac      Ad-Ai     Aj-Am     An-Az    B     Ca-Cl    Cm-Cz     D     E-Em     En-Ez     F     G
H-I     J-K    L-Mh     Mi-N     O-Q     R     Sa-Sn     So     Sp-Sz     Ta-Th     Ti-V     W-Z

 
Statistic links
Resource Data – Biomass – NREL’s Renewable Resource Data Center
Resource Data – Geothermal – NREL’s Renewable Resource Data Center
Resource Data – Solar – NREL’s Renewable Resource Data Center
Resource Data – Wind – NREL’s Renewable Resource Data Center

Useful Reference Materials

by
Calculator links
Energy To Carbon Dioxide Converter From National Energy Foundation:  new link — The Home Energy Saver is designed to help you identify the best ways to save energy in your home, and find the resources to make the savings happen. The Home Energy Saver asks for a detailed description of your home, and then quickly computes energy use on-line. Results are provided in dollars, kilowatt-hours and CO2 emissions for your house and the most energy efficient house. By changing one or more features, you can estimate how much energy and money you can save and how much pollution you can prevent by improving your home’s energy efficiency. In addition, the Home Energy Saver’s "Making it Happen" and Energy Librarian" modules connect users to an expanding array of "how-to" information resources throughout the Internet.
How Much Does Your Vehicle Pollute? :  new link — Determines your auto’s carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxide emissions. Will calculate values specific to your mileage, or typical for the year and make of your auto. Includes additional information explaining the significance of the result and what can be done to lower emissions.
Lmno Engineering :  new link — Have calculators for fluid flow and formula information, good for hydro calculations or water pumping applications (things like friction loss through pipes, etc.).

more Calculators links        

Case Study links
Biochemicals For The Printing Industry:  new link — Bolger Publications switched from using petroleum-based press wash to a vegetable-based product, resulting in a safer work environment and financial savings. To learn more about Bolger’s case study and the use of biochemicals in the printing industry.

 

more Case Studies links       

Map links
South Carolina Wind Map:  new link — Interactive maps with zoom-in capability that highlight the wind, biomass, geothermal, and solar resources in the 11 western states.

more Maps links       

Product & Service links
#s-Ac      Ad-Ai     Aj-Am     An-Az    B     Ca-Cl    Cm-Cz     D     E-Em     En-Ez     F     G
H-I     J-K    L-Mh     Mi-N     O-Q     R     Sa-Sn     So     Sp-Sz     Ta-Th     Ti-V     W-Z

 
Statistic links
Appliance Reports:  new link — Appliance Reports are brief statistical reports in which long-term U.S. trends in market share of air-conditioning units and about two-dozen appliances are compared with trends in each U.S. Census Division. The Appliance Reports are the only source of long-term regional data on appliance market share.
National Climatic Data Center Wind Speed Data:  new link — Knowing where a high wind resource may exist is valuable to a wind energy project developer or potential wind energy user because it allows them to choose a general area of estimated high wind for more detailed examination. NREL identifies and gathers data for wind resource maps of the United States and foreign countries. These maps help developers or users find areas worthy of detailed wind resource monitoring.
The Weather At Keele:  new link — Real time data from Keele University’s Automatic Weather Station. Contains temperature, rainfall, solar energy, and satellite images.

more Statistics links        

Renewable Energy Products & Services — D

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Daniel Smith And Associates Architects:  Alternative Energy, Efficient Homes & Appliances. Located in North Springfield, Vermont / (added 09/2005)
Dankoff Solar Products :  Located in New Albany, Indiana
Dansk Vindmølleformidling :  Located in Georgia, United States
Dartmount – Solar Batteries:  Metering of different types
Davi-Promau Plate Rolling Equipment :  Located in California, United States
Davis Caves Earth Sheltered Homes And Offices:  Located in Kent, Connecticut
Davis Weather Stations:  Located in Kansas, United States
Daystar Technologies Inc :  DSA has been involved with SB since about the beginning (or earlier), consistently developing and contributing important information and understandings—and soulful buildings—to the movement. Besides being one of the kindest people 
Design And Installation Of Pv Systems – Sandia National Laboratories:   / (added 09/2005)
Design Guide (For Photovoltaic Systems) – Rocky Grove Suncompany:  Developer of photovoltaic technologies and products for the global marketplace.  Located in Denver, Colorado
Dimensional Lumber:  Manufacturers of Quality DC Power Supplies. 
Direct Power & Water:  Delta Light — the first to bring WHITE LED lighting to the market in 1998 continues the tradition by bringing state-of-the-art DC-DC Converters for hi-power Luxeon and other LEDs. Delta Light is an OEM manufacturer for many products using LEDs and fiber optics for general use lighting, phototherapy, medical, portable, and other energy efficient application the world over.
Discount Solar:  developed expressly for stationary on-site UPS, and reliable long-term solar and wind power storage. 
Dominion North Carolina Power:  Direct Power and Water Corporation is a premier photovoltaic system integrator and a major manufacturer of photovoltaic racks, equipment enclosures and battery enclosures. We are a licensed New Mexico general and electrical contractor. We have designed and installed hundreds of solar electric power systems for solar lighting, solar water pumping, grid tied systems, remote home systems and many turn-key photovoltaic systems for residential, governmental, industrial and commercial clients. 
Don Rowe Power Inverters :  Low price retailer of solar electric panels, completes systems, and related components such as charge controllers and inverters. Many other items available by special-order. / (added 09/2005)
Don’s Led Main Page :  Distributed Power Solutions offers web-based sales and marketing tools for industry professionals.  This includes online calculators, email campaign.  Located in Minneapolis, Minnesota
Douglas Exploration:  DENCO is a producer of corn-derived ethanol with a capacity of 8 million gallons per year
Dovetail Solar:  Located in San Diego, California. importer, distributor, and designer of photovoltaic systems and products.
Dpl Inc:  DIY solar heating panels for your pool or Jacuzzi. / (added 09/2005)
Dragonfly Wind Generator:  Located in Champaign, Illinois
Dsh Solar Electric:  modular homes manufacturers Domes U.S.A. fiberglass dome home building kits have survived hurricanes, tornados, earthquakes and large hail with little or no damage.
Ductwork:  Many informative links to LED topics. 
Dulas Limited Uk :  Located in Douglas, Wyoming
Dulley Column:  Provides alternative construction and renewable energy systems.
Duquesne Light Company:  Located in Dayton, Ohio
Dynagen Systems:  plans, blades, and blade kits. Low cost, low-tech wind power.
Dynamic Homes Inc:  Located in Oceanside, California
Dyneco Corporation:  Located in Detroit, Michigan
Dyno Battery Inc Lead Acid Batteries:  Located in Farmington Hills, Michigan

Renewable Energy Products & Services

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Ajl Solar Electric:   
Ajm Polyfilters:  The International Energy Agency’s AIVC is established to provide technical support to those involved in the R&D of ventilation technology and to disseminate information on related energy and air quality issues.
Akeena Network:  hydrogen producer (large scale)
Akt International Pty Ltd:  Air Tech International Corp. (ATI) offers a wide range of services to help residential, commercial & institutional clients resolving environmental and safety issues. Our corporate philosophy is entirely dedicated to provide our clients with a clear understanding of their problems and to provide the most feasible, unobtrusive and effective solutions they seek. 
Albeo Technologies Inc:  Aircomp Engineering Ltd. provides expert sales and service of new and rebuilt air compressor systems throughout North America. The company also provides consulting services ranging from the installation of new air compressor systems, air dryers, and after- coolers, to maintenance and energy audits of existing facilities. They are also the exclusive licensed North American manufacturer of the IEG Pre-Cool System. 
Alf Enterprises:  Solar energy, wind generators and accessories. Prepackaged home systems.
All Solar Electric:  National residential and commercial solar electric system installer.  Located in Los Gatos, California
All Solar Power Inc:  AKT is the manufacturer of the  KIX dehydrator a direct fired Dryer applicable in the Recovery of Proteins and Nutrients from Organic Waste streams and the production of valuable animal feed ingredients such as Fish Meal, Meat Meal, Blood Meal and Poultry Meal. Also proven in the drying of several materials as one of the most efficient waste management tools.
All Star Electric:  Located in Alabama, United States
Allards International Ltd:  designs and manufactures white-LED solid-state lighting fixtures for task lighting applications
Alliance For Sustainable Jobs And Environment:  Al-Corn a cooperatively-owned ethanol plant produces 15 million gallons of corn-derived ethanol annually
Aloha Batteries:  Located in Tampa, Florida
Alpha Solar Renewable Energy:  All Star Electric is the most experienced contracting company in the Southwest specializing in electric/electronic installation, service and repair of independent, remote or utility integrated power generation and uninterruptable power supplies. We provide electrical engineering design, specializing in on-site electrical power generation and related control systems. Located in Albuquerque, New Mexico / (added 09/2005)
Altair Energy Inc:  Located in Portland, Oregon
Alternate Energy Hobby Store:  Alliant Energy provides services in the areas of energy procurement and consulting, natural gas, and, more broadly, the environment, with the goal of helping companies address energy and environmental issues limiting profitability, reliability, and productivity.
Alternate Energy Technologies Llc:  Founded in 1921, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation has created a legacy of innovation and achievement in the field of electrical technology. Mitsubishi Electric is a true pioneer in the field of photovoltaics. Mitsubishi Electric has been working on the technology since the 1970s, when they made their first PV systems to provide power to satellites in the hot and cold extremes of space. Located in Los Angeles, California / (added 09/2005)
Alternative Energy Inc :  Located in Orlando, Florida
Alternative Energy Solutions Llc:  We have been in the battery and related accessory manufacturing and distribution business for over 15 years. All products are manufactured using only the highest quality name brand cells, plastics and internal components. All batteries are guaranteed to meet or exceed the original equipment manufacturer’s specifications, including fit, design and performance and come with a full money back guarantee. Located in Carlsbad, California
Alternative Energy Systems Co:  We provide cost effective , state of the art , efficient renewable energy products, accessories and complete electric systems for homes, cabins, boats, remote site and back-up power at very competitive prices. solar energy is the future, its here! use the power! Solar energy is clean and free 
Alternative Energy Systems Co  Of Mississippi:  dealer and installer of alternative energy systems and products including solar power, photovoltaics, batteries, inverters, and more. Located in Trumbull, Connecticut
Alternative Energy Systems Incorporated (Aes):  Solar electricity system (photovoltaic) installations through licensed local contractors. Remote power systems.
Alternative Hydro Solutions Ltd:  Solar rooftop heating systems.
Alternative Power And Machine Hydroelectric Generators:  Manufacturer of solar energy systems and reseller of photovoltaics, inverters, batteries, controllers, appliances and systems integrators. Products and services are sold to multiple industries. This company was capitalized by private investment..
Alternative Power Enterprises:  Located in Stamford, Connecticut
Alternative Power Inc:  Solar power,  wind power,  inverter power systems and components. Alternative energy for your home, business and industry including free design and support services for your alternative energy project.
Alternative Solar Products:  An AE retailer in Poplarville, Mississippi
Alternatives:  The AES Web site serves as a portal to the Web sites of companies providing products relating to renewable energy.  / (added 09/2005)
Ameco Designs:  Alternative Hydro Solutions Ltd. believes that the Darrieus turbine is the best choice for small and medium river sites.  / (added 09/2005)
American Energy Technology:  Providing Renewable Energy Systems in Western CO since 1992. 
American Ingenuity Inc:  Distributors of solar electric power systems for remote homes, RV solar chargers, marine solar panels, solar water pumping and solar lighting.
American Photovoltaics & Homes Ltd :  Supplier renewable energy products in Wales.
American Ref-Fuel Co :  AMEC is an international project management and services company, employing around 44,000 people in some 40 countries around the world.
American Solar Roofing Systems:  licensed solar energy contractor operating principally in Los Angeles and Orange Counties. / (added 09/2005)
American South General Contractors:  An energy services company for electric and natural gas customers in Missouri and Illinois. Located in St. Louis, Missouri
Ami (Adaptive Materials Inc):  super energy efficient concrete geodesic dome homes are hurricane, tornado, earthquake, and forest fire resistant structures. Our domes are 5 star Energy Star homes.
Ammini Energy Systems:  offers solar electric products and systems.  / (added 09/2005)
Ammonit Gesellschaft Für Messtechnik Mbh :  Manufacturer of waste-to-energy cogeneration systems. The company develops, manufactures and operates waste cogeneration systems throughout the country. This unit is a joint venture between Allied Waste Industries, Inc. and Duke Energy Power S..
Amonix Incorporated:  Specializing in solar pool heating, solar water heating, and solar electric panels.
Ample Power:  Solar thermal roofing system combining roofing tile technology and solar design. All-weather protection for the building that collects solar energy for space heating and hot water. / (added 09/2005)

Renewable Energy Products & Services

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Spectrolab Inc:  A leading manufacturer of space solar cells and panels. Products include terrestrial concentrator solar cells and modules, searchlight systems, solar simulators and optoelectronic products such as pigtailed photodetector packages, devices and epitaxial wafers. Includes product data sheets and online store. Located in Sylmar, California
Spire Corporation:  Located in Bedford, Massachusetts
Staber Washing Machines:  are the most efficient washers available based on energy, water, and detergent usage.
Statpower:  Maker of all sizes of inverters
Steam And Control Systems Inc :  Engineering firm, which designs and builds plants to produce energy from renewable biomass fuels including wood waste, rice hulls, biogases and paper mill sludge.
Steamboating Magazine :  provides information on how to acquire, build, operate, maintain, and enjoy a steam-powered vessel for steamboat owners, builders, and dreamers. 
Stella Group:  Located in Washington DC, United States
Stellar Sun:  Located in Arkansas, United States
Step Warmfloor™:  STEP Warmfloor™ is a strong, flexible, thin plastic heating mat, made of an innovative polymer blend that heats. It has the unique ability to self-regulate and cannot overheat. STEP Warmfloor™ operates on low-voltage and is normally connected to a 24-volt transformer, but can also be run by solar or wind-power source. 
Stiebel Eltron Inc :  Manufacturer of tankless water heaters, hand dryers, solar panels, and electric thermal night storage heaters. German based company-providing products for commercial and residential use. / (added 09/2005)
Stilwell Solar:  Located in Fort Myers, Florida
Stirling Energy Systems Inc:  Developer and owner of alternative energy solutions using solar, wind, clean and green energy. Includes corporate overview and news.
Strategies Unlimited :  Provider of market research reports, analysis, newsletters, and custom studies for industries including optoelectronic, photovoltaic, and wireless components industry.
Structural Wall Panels:   
Submeter Utilities With Pc:  Submeter shows you where ELECTRIC POWER goes in your apartment building, office, marina, or RV park! Do you have a "smart house"? A submitter can track all of your branch circuits and report power anomalies. If you need to submitter 12 outlets at a marina, 50 golf carts, or 200 motel rooms, this is the cheapest method you will find anywhere! DO YOU WANT TO ALLOCATE HVAC FUEL COSTS? – Simply use the same 16 little current sensors to pick up the individual T-stat calls. See other clever application notes archived on this site.  / (added 09/2005)
Sun Electronics:  The best prices in the Alternative Energy Industry. We have a warehouse in Miami, full of solar panels, inverters, wind generators, cabling, batteries, and any other alternative energy product you will ever need, ready to deliver anywhere in the world / (added 09/2005)
Sun Frost:  maker of very efficient refrigerators both for on and off grid. 
Sun Light & Power:  Located in California, United States
Sun Mate Corporation:  specializing in solar-powered consumer products such as radios, hats, and battery chargers, as well as solar panel, cells, and Bill Nye the Science Guy kits. 
Sun Trapper Solar Systems :  Designer and manufacturer of solar products for heating water.
Sun Works Company:  Wouldn’t it be nice to heat your pool invisibly . . . for four to five extra months per year and at the same time save fuel costs?
Sun Works Solar Electricity For Everyone:  We have been selling and installing Solar Energy Systems since 1986. We specialize in Solarizing Recreational Vehicles and more recently Grid Tie residential and industrial solar electrical systems. We also have solar fountains pre-packaged.
Sunamp Power Company Inc:  Biodiesel Solar, Wind hybrid energy systems engineering.  Located in Phoenix, Arizona
Sunboxpower :  is an international renewable electrical energy consultants that can take projects from feasibility study to final commission. / (added 09/2005)
Sundance Solar:  Solar panels, battery charges, radios, solar toys, garden lights,  ..
Sundance Supply:  building materials for greenhouses, sunrooms and solariums. 
Sundwel Solar Ltd:  Manufacture and supply solar panels. Product and contact details.
Sunearth Inc:  Established in 1978, SunEarth is a leading American manufacturer of solar thermal collectors, systems and ancillary components.
Sunlight Electric Llc:  Located in San Francisco, California
Sunlight Solar Energy:  Solar panels, charge controllers or charge regulators, DC disconnects, inverters, meters, fuses, sensors, wind generators or wind turbines, batteries, battery accessories, solar water pumps, energy efficient AC and DC lights, solar cookers, DC generators, electric bicycles, solar cookbooks,..
Sunlit Systems:  Solar systems, residential and commercial; consumer products; energy analysis; installations; financing. Fuel cells. / (added 09/2005)
Sunnybrook Environmental: Your Source For The Finest Natural And Environmentally Friendly Products :  available. Personal care, indoor home and outdoor home and garden care products featuring Brill luxus lawn mowers
Sunnyday:  Italian manufacturers of uncovered, flexible solar panels made from polypropylene compounds.
Sunnyside Solar Inc :  Provider of photovoltaic solar electric systems. / (added 09/2005)
Sunpumps:  Located in Safford, Arizona
Sunrise Solar:  "Self-Reliant Living is an elevated quality of life providing peace, comfort, and savings through resource management."  Located in St. Anthony, Idaho
Sunrise Solar – Solar Powered Attic Fac:  The environmentally friendly way to cool and protect your attic and roof  / (added 09/2005)
Sunshine Solar:  UK suppliers of solar products including battery savers, solar panels, laptop chargers and accessories. List of products and costs.
Sunstar Precision Energy Corporation :  Provider of equipment that can generate and control electrical energy.
Sunstoves & Gravity Water System:  SCRAP MATERIALS MAKE CLEANER AIR & WATER Free instructions for a hand built panel solar cookers and a gravity water system using local materials. 1,400 water systems were built since 1980 and 10,000 solar cookers that were sold for cost. 
Suntara Energy :  Supplier of alternative energy equipment and supplies including solar panels and wind generators.
Survival Method:  Your source for survival products and survival-related material. Also working to establish a thriving community of survivalists to congregate and learn from one another. / (added 09/2005)
Susitna Energy Systems:  Solar, water and wind energy systems and components. Heating, lighting, fans, appliances.

Renewable Energy Products & Services

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Taylor Munro Energy Systems:  Specializes in solar water heating systems. Provides information and diagrams of typical systems and installations.
Technology Transition Corporation (Ttc) :  Washington D.C. firm that designs and implements strategic initiatives to help emerging energy technologies, including fuel cells, move from the research and development environment into sustainable markets.
Teledyne Brown Engineering :  Electrolytic hydrogen generators, PEM fuel cells / (added 09/2005)
The Ebike Network :  promotes the development and use of clean personal transportation, distributed generation, and renewable energy by providing links, news, and information.
The Energy Net:  The Abalone Alliance has been working since 1977 to promote renewable energy and stop Pacific Gas and Electric’s campaign to build over 60 nuclear reactors in their service area.  The Web site also serves as a portal to other Web sites containing information regarding energy, nuclear, and ecological issues.
The Energy Savings Store:  The Energy Savings Store, a subsidiary of ROI Energy Solutions, is a Renewable Energy Services Company that provides Wind Power, Solar PV and Hydrogen.  Located in Wentzville, Missouri
The Epicenter:  Radios, Power Inverters, DC to AC Converters, Solar Cells, Solar Chargers, Fuel Treatments, Test Equipment, and Alternative Powered Items. 
The Eppley Laboratory:  Located in Newport, Rhode Island USA, the Eppley Laboratory has been committed to developing the finest scientific instrumentation for precision measurements since 1917. The Meteorology Department produces radiometer, pyranometers, pyrheliometers and pyrgeometers that measure solar and terrestrial radiation. Many National Meteorological Authorities are using Eppley Instrumentation as their standards for radiometric measurements.
The Firefly Remote Safety Light:  Solar powered safety and market light for trails, parks, roads wherever there is a need for signal lights
The Industrial Company Tic:  Located in Steamboat Springs, Colorado
The Led Light Led Lighting Products:  Online Catalog of white LED and Luxeon Star, Inova X5 flashlights, White LED light fixtures, Light Emitting Diodes, LED Lamps, LED bulbs, Solar Power Stations and Solar fans. 
The Led Store:  The LED Store delivers the most powerful light output possible without the use of standard incandescent light bulbs found in run-of-the-mill discount retail flashlights. Enter the LED Flashlight. Our online catalog offers an impressive range of powerful, energy saving led flashlights that will be kind to your battery budget. Check us out today!
The Leveredge:  Located in Tampa, Florida
The Lighting Resource:  The Lighting Resource is a small commercial clearinghouse for vendors of efficient lighting products. Affiliated with Lighting in Canada.  The Lighting Resource also maintains links to lighting equipment vendors. 
The Sacramento Ethanol And Power Cogeneration Plant (Sepco):  Being developed by the California Energy Commission Renewable Energy Call Center
The Skylight Guy :  Specializing in tubular skylights and solar attic fans. Tubular skylights install just like a stovepipe, making skylight installation simple. 
The Solar Biz:  We at The Solar Biz have been selling and installing solar for over thirty-two years.
The Solar Center:  Solar Panels, Solar Gadgets, Solar Garden Products, Solar Chargers and more solar products added regularly.
The Solar Guys:  a renewable energy sales, design, and installation business in western North Carolina, specializing in solar, wind, and micro-hydro. Located in Asheville, North Carolina
The Sun Electriccompany:  Full line solar electric and wind power back-up power systems for domestic and commercial clients. Includes extensive renewable energy resource.
The Sun Pipe Company:  Located in Elgin, Illinois
The Sun Works Solar Electricity For Everyone:  We have been selling and installing Solar Energy Systems since 1986. We specialize in Solarizing Recreational Vehicles and more recently Grid Tie residential and industrial solar electrical systems. We also have solar fountains pre-packaged.
The Vital Signs Project :  The Vital Signs Project aims to incorporate matters of building physical performance into the education of architects. The goal is to raise a fundamental awareness about the ways in which design decisions affect a building’s physical performance–from energy use, to indoor environmental quality, to occupant well being.
The Vote Solar Initiative:  California initiative to promote clean air, fights global warming, and increases America’s energy independence. Provides history, tools and news.
The Weatherizations Pages:  Contemptempory thermal, moisture and indoor air quality protection for buildings.  / (added 09/2005)
Thermo Dynamics Ltd :  Researcher, developer, and manufacturer of solar thermal products including industrial and commercial process heating. / (added 09/2005)
Thermo Technologies:  This site is dedicated to the latest solar energy innovative technologies. It is a rich solar energy resource center for architects, planners, and engineers. We suggest a wide range of solar energy applications and installations. Factors to consider for Calculating, Designing, Positioning, and Installing Solar Energy Systems are addressed. 
Third Orbit Power Systems Inc :  Develops power systems based on fuel cells, renewable and hydrogen energy. They also provide products as diverse as electric vehicles and educational fuel cells and technical and economic research and analysis.  Located in Reno, Nevada
Third Sun Solar And Wind Power:  Ohio’s leading renewable energy contractor. Complete design and installation of off-grid, utility tied, PV and wind systems in OH, KY, IN, IL, MI, PA, WV. Owner Geoff Greenfield is NABCEP Certified Solar PV Installer.  Located in Millfield, Ohio
Thomas Brown Architect:  Environmentally responsible designs for sustainable projects and development. Located in Stevens Point, Wisconsin

Renewable Energy Products & Services

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Time To Bale :  (strawbale, that is..) Construction photos with descriptive text on construction of "wolf-proof" load bearing strawbale house in Silver City, Nevada. House is off-grid with photovoltaic (PV)/wind power.  
Trace Engineering :  Provider of independent and renewable energy systems and accessories for backup power, renewable energy and solar applications.
Tradewind Special Solutions:  Specializing in Physical and Financial Risk Mitigation for renewable energy projects worldwide. 
Truewind Solutions Llc:  Provider of computer modeling services for the wind energy industry, including advanced wind resource mapping systems.
Uek Corporation:  Designs, builds and installs low impact hydrokinetic turbines classified as renewable energy. No dams or impoundments.
UK Energy Saving website is designed to point you in the right direction for advice and tips on UK saving energy in your home and business. Reducing the amount of energy you use is the most effective way to save you money and also combat climate change. By using UK Energy Saving products you will also help to slow the rate of climate change on our planet, by reducing the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), and other harmful gases that enter the atmosphere.  (added 10/2006)
Urban Electric Scooters offers electric scooters which provide a great alternative to gas powered transportation. If you would like to clean up your commute, electric scooters are a great way to go
Unirac Inc:  manufactures all types of racking systems for PV arrays of any size. Products can mount any framed module manufactured in North America. 
United American Energy Corp:  Located in Woodcliff Lake, New Jersey
United Energy Associates Inc:  United Energy Associates, Inc. (UEA) is a full service Demand Side Management provider, with special emphases on its core business of Lighting, Power Quality, and Water Management.  Today, the company provides all the functions of these energy management disciplines including consulting, design, installation, and sales, service and financing.   / (added 09/2005)
United Fuel Cells :  Fuel cell division of United Technologies
United Solar Systems Corp :  Developer and manufacturer of solar cells for the UNI-SOLAR® brand of solar panels and systems. / (added 09/2005)
Upc Wind Partners Llc:  specializes in both on-shore and offshore wind parks. 
Vaigunth Ener Tek (P) Ltd:  We are manufacturing Small wind Turbine range from 200 Watts to 5-Kw. Our Turbines are having more swept area than other Small Wind turbines, That gives you more power production even low wind velocity (Less than 10 m/s).  / (added 09/2005)
Valley Air Solutions:  Provider of pollution control solutions for California’s Dairies and Farms.  Including Anaerobic Digesters and permit preparation assistance&#.  Located in San Joaquin Valley, California
Vanner Power Group:  is a manufacturer of DC-AC inverters. The web site includes our Solar Select feature, an interactive renewable energy application guide. Located in Hilliard, Ohio
Varmaraf:  makes thermoelectric generators that turn heat into electricity.
Vegas Trailer Supply:  Located in Las Vegas, Nevada
Vermont Solar Engineering:  An AE retailer in Burlington, Vermont
Vestas Wind Systems A/S:  specialize in the manufacture of wind turbines. Located in Denmark. 
Viking Air & Solar:  Located in Kingsburg, California
Virtual Technologies Ltd:   
Vital Signs Project :  The Vital Signs Project aims to incorporate matters of building physical performance into the education of architects. The goal is to raise a fundamental awareness about the ways in which design decisions affect a building’s physical performance–from energy use, to indoor environmental quality, to occupant well being.
Volante Heat Transfer Systems:  Located in Lapeer, Michigan
Vote Solar Initiative:  California initiative to promote clean air, fights global warming, and increases America’s energy independence. Provides history, tools and news.

Renewable Energy Products & Services

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Watering Systems:  Provides Wetpot Watering Systems. A sub-surface ceramic pot watering system that slowly seeps out water under gravity pressure direct to your plants roots. Providing an automatic and very efficient garden watering solution without gadgets or electricity. Saving you time, money and water.
Wattsun Solar Trackers :  Equipment includes single axis and dual axis trackers for solar, PV and photovoltaic modules or panels.
Waupun Utilities:  Located in Waupun, Wisconsin
Wave Energy Generation:  Developer of marine power systems using commercial wave-powered electrical generation technology.
Westinghouse Electriccompany Llc:  Westinghouse Electric Company (WEC) provides fuel, services, technology, plant design, and equipment to utility and industrial customers in the worldwide commercial nuclear electric power industry. 
Wholesale Solar:  Solar Panels, inverters, wind generators and more.
Wilkins Consulting:  Wilkins Consulting  provides the following services to customers.  Located in Tehachapi, California
Windland Inc :  wind energy development firm based in Boise, ID. We currently manage and operate a commercial wind farm in Tehachapi, CA.
Windmiller Energy :  Provider of reconditioned and retrofitted wind turbine services and information. / (added 09/2005)
Woodfuelcom :  Wood Fuel, a form of Biomass, is a renewable energy alternative that reduces global dependency on fossil fuels and improves the environment. The Virtual Wood Fuel Pipeline gathers and delivers high quality biomass material to a variety of users in a consistent and timely manner.  Located in Houston, TX. / (added 09/2005)
Zapsucker:  Solar panels, alternative energy, batteries and remote or mobile power products.
Zephyr Industries Battery Vent Fans:   
Zeta Controls Ltd:  leading independent supplier of automotive engine control electronics in the UK. Zeta Controls design and manufacture advanced electronics for engine management, speed control, idle cutout and other control and monitoring devices in applications such as power-take-off, hydrostatic control, protection and security in cars, vans, trucks, utility and other commercial vehicles.
Zzzap Power:  Online suppliers of inverters, battery chargers and uninterrupted power supplies (UPS). Specializing in frequency, phase, and DC converters; voltage, surge protection, and alternate energy. / (added 09/2005)

Renewable Energy Products & Services

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Ananda Power Technologies Inc:  Specializes in energy efficient solar powered construction. Company history, business profile, and contact information. / (added 09/2005)
Anglesey Wind And Energy Limited:  American Superconductor Corporation (NASDAQ: AMSC) is the world’s principal vendor of high temperature superconductor (HTS) wire and large rotating superconductor machinery, and it is a world- leading supplier of dynamic reactive power grid stabilization products.  Located in New Berlin, Wisconsin
Anguil Environmental Systems Inc:  Our goal is to become the leading designer, developer, and mass manufacturer of portable solid oxide fuel cell modules for electric and electronic original equipment manufacturers. We believe our portable fuel cell systems will enable a revolution in portable devices – plentiful electric power in a compact, cost-effective, reliable, efficient and environmentally friendly package. Located in Ann Arbor, Michigan / (added 09/2005)
Apex Global Solutions Llc:  Leading manufacturer of UL Listed control, monitoring, and safety products for renewable energy installations including PV, Wind, Hydro and Hybrid commercial and residential. 
Appliance Standards Awareness Project:   
Applied Energy Recovery Systems:  Consulting engineers and economists expert in energy technologies for power, transportation and industrial sectors, including renewable energy, alternative fuels and vehicles, green buildings, and Federal legislative compliance.
Applied Thermodynamics:  A California research and development company in the field of advanced consumer technologies dedicated to solving the most critical issues for global prosperity: clean air, efficient and reliable power generation, renewable fuels, and sustainable..
Aquatherm Industries Inc :  Manufacturer of small wind turbines and renewable energy systems based in Ireland.
Arabian Solar Energy And Technology Co :  Contains a brief overview of how solar power works, a brochure in PDF format, and contact details.
Arc Solar International :  Works to advance and improve standards at both the federal and state levels and promote equipment efficiency standards.  / (added 09/2005)
Arcadian Windpower Ltd:  Our engineering expertise, innovative thinking and skilled manufacturing resources are the foundation of the E•Tech brand of heat pump products. Starting over 25 years ago E•Tech is the only brand that has continually updated its products with innovations to fit the changing business climate.  Contact us when you want proven technology to fit your business needs.  Located in Norcross, Georgia / (added 09/2005)
Architects Designers Planners For Social Responsibility(Norcal):  Green Energy Consultancy and Stirling Engine Design Site. We specialize in simple designs you can use or commercialize. 
Arise Technologies Corporation:  RE system installing dealer, based in Latin America.
Aristar Solar:   
Arizona Energy Office:  Manufacturer of solar collectors. The collectors are used to collect solar energy in order to heat swimming pools. Products are sold to the pool and solar industries.
Arizona Environmental Technology Industry Cluster:  Design, sell, install, and maintain PV systems. Specialized in the field of photovoltaics. Cairo, Egypt.
NEW  Arizona Solar Installers:  Find Solar Energy Professionals and Solar Installers in Arizona.
Arizona Solar Tech:  Aral is comprised of businesses providing wholesale fuels, lubricants, and petrol.   As of February 1st, 2002, Aral has been under BP management. 
Arkansas Solar Power:  Provider of solar hot-water system services. / (added 09/2005)
Arkenol Inc :  Located in New York, New York
Armstrong Power:  Located in Berkeley, California
Asap Power:  offers remote powered and portable solar energy systems, computerized temperature and humidity probes, and more.  / (added 09/2005)
ASE Americas :  Located in Arizona, United States
ASKO Usa:  Located in Arizona, United States
Aspen Solar Systems :  Solar energy for your home, RV and business. / (added 09/2005)
Aspen Systems:  The solar, wind and hydro power information site to do it yourselfers renewable energy projects.
ATEC Inc:  A technology and project development companies whose focus is the construction and operation of biorefineries on a worldwide basis to produce a variety of biobased chemicals and transportation fuels from biomass.
Atlanta Solar:  Located in Miami, Florida
Atlantis Energy   Solar Systems:  Today, ASKO is an international corporation with a full line of high-performance washers, dryers and dishwashers. ASKO appliances still do a better job of cleaning with a fraction of the water, electricity and detergent of ordinary machines. Every component is constructed of steel rather than plastic wherever possible. Located in Richardson, Texas / (added 09/2005)
Atlasta Solar:  Provider of design, installation and maintenance services of active, passive and photovoltaic energy systems for heating, hot water, lighting and pumping water. Located in Aspen, Colorado / (added 09/2005)
Auri:  Solar and power panels, wind power, accessories, books, generators, radios, water pumps,..
Aurora Energy – Maryland Dc Virginia:  Small PEM FCs / (added 09/2005)
Australia  Solar Hot Water:  Manufacturer of small wind turbines and renewable energy systems based in Ireland.
Australian Re:  Located in Richmond, Virginia
Avista Utilities:  Located in Minnesota, United States
Aws Scientific Inc:  Since 1994, Aurora Energy has been Maryland’s premier contractor for solar power systems. As the only solar contractor in Maryland with both a licensed master electrician and NABCEP Certified Solar PV Installer® on staff, and more than 30 years of combined experience, Aurora Energy can deliver exceptional quality and value to all of our clients
Axor :  suppliers of Quantum heat pump water heaters and Apricus Solar Tubes evacuated tube solar hot water systems.
Aztex:  wide ranging spiel plus links on environmental, Australian republican, tourism, and other things.