| Canadian Geothermal Energy Association: PDF-350k — E03-05, This documented white paper demystifies hydrogen energy, debunks popular misconceptions, and proposes a surprisingly easy, attractive, and profitable path to the hydrogen economy (23 June 2003). |
| Center For Resource Solutions (Crs) : Information on the DOE wind and hydro energy program, wind power projects, wind turbine technology and research, and wind energy basics. |
| Ch2m Hill : Idaho National Laboratory Report |
| Climatemaster : Idaho National Laboratory Report |
| Closing/Further Sources Of Information: |
| Economics: New Zealand company involved in the investigation and development of geothermal resources. |
| Electricity From Earths Core: Provides a full range of integrated services for project development, planning, design, construction, operations, and maintenance of public and private industrial facilities and infrastructure. |
| Energycommission Geothermal Program In California: Hot dry rock geothermal energy program in Switzerland. About the technology and the ongoing development program, including photos, maps, and diagrams. |
| Environmental Impacts: Idaho National Laboratory Report |
| European Deep Geothermal Energy Programme : Idaho National Laboratory Report |
| Future Developments: News article about a concept for a long, self-contained turbine shaft called a Power Tube that could tap subterranean heat without relying on geysers and steam vents. (December 14, 2001) |
| Geothermal Energy: Geothermal energy page features U.S. Department of Energy Web sites. |
| Geothermal Energy As An Alternative Source For Energy: European Research Program for heat and electrical power generation from a deep enhanced geothermal system in Strasbourg, France. |
| Geothermal Energy Technical Site: European informational site on geothermal energy. |
| Geothermal Energy—Clean Power From The Earth’s Heat: … in Tibet, where no readily available fossil fuels exist, the Nagqu geothermal field (Tibet Autonomous Region, PRC) provides a useful energy source for the … |
| Geothermal Explorers Ltd : Explains what Geothermal Energy is, and how it can be used as an alternative source of energy. |
| Geothermal Information Office : is a trade association composed of U.S. companies who support the expanded use of geothermal energy and are developing geothermal resources worldwide for electrical power generation and direct-heat uses. |
| Geothermal Institute – University Of Auckland : Hawaii’s Energy, Ocean, and Technology Resources (State of Hawaii-Department of Business, Economic Development, and Tourism-Energy, Resources, and Technology Division) |
| Geothermal Mine Water As An Energy Source For Heat Pumps: A Geothermal Fact Sheet that explains the uses of geothermal energy, gives advantages and disadvantages, and illustrates the basic process. |
| Geothermal Power Technology And Generation: Website provides information, pamphlets, and web resources regarding U.S. Dept. of Energy’s geothermal program. |
| Geothermal Resources: of the U.S. Department of Energy |
| Geothermal Technologies Program US Department Of Energy: Geothermal exploration and development project: website discusses borehole heat exchangers, hydrothermal systems, and Hot-Dry-Rock system. Available in English and German languages. |
| Geothermex Inc : An international training and research centre in New Zealand. |
| Geothernet Geothermal Information For Europe: Utility-scale geothermal power production employs three main technologies. These are known as dry steam, flash steam and binary cycle systems. The technology employed depends on the temperature and pressure of the geothermal reservoir. Unlike solar, wind, and hydro-based renewable power, geothermal power plant operation is independent of fluctuations in daily and seasonal weather. |
| History Of Geothermal: new link — Understanding geothermal energy begins with an understanding of the source of this energy—the earth’s internal heat. The Earth’s temperature increases with depth, with the temperature at the center reaching more than 4200 °C (7600 °F). A portion of this heat is a relic of the planet’s formation about 4.5 billion years ago, and a portion is generated by the continuing decay of radioactive isotopes. Heat naturally moves from hotter to cooler regions, so Earth’s heat flows from its interior toward the surface |
| Introduction To Geothermal: |
| Introduction To Geothermal Slide Show: Produced by the Consumer Energy Enter, this site provides links that explain large-scale electricity production, and the direct use of geothermal energy. |
| Policy: Directories of geothermal energy development and research around Europe, journals, and worldwide conferences and events. Some Internet links. Includes basic information on geothermal energy technology. English or German. |
| Renewable Northwest Project: Geothermal energy is energy derived from the heat of the earth’s core. It is clean, abundant, and reliable. If properly developed, it can offer a renewable and sustainable energy source. There are three primary applications of geothermal energy: electricity generation, direct use of heat, and ground-source heat pumps. Direct use includes applications such as heating buildings or greenhouses and drying foods, whereas ground source heat pumps are used to heat and cool buildings using surface soils as a heat reservoir. This paper covers the use of geothermal resources for production of utility-scale electricity and provides an overview of the history, technologies, economics, environmental impacts, and policies related to geothermal power. |
| The Geothermal Energy Association: Renewable energy can reduce dependence on fossil fuels, reduce harmful pollution from energy production and consumption, and reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. However, most renewables have very different cost structures from conventional energy generating technologies, with high up-front costs and low operating costs. This is true for geothermal energy, which has high exploration and drilling costs in additional to capital plant expenses. |
